THE SPIRIT OF SECESSION

THE SPIRIT OF SECESSION
The insurgencies of the North East Region (NeR) have a peculiar aspect of secessionism in it. This is blocking the dawn of speedy peace in the region. NSCN (IM) is demanding sovereignty where as NSCN (K) does not; ULFA and several other outfits are also demanding sovereignty as a core issue. Some of the outfits have already dropped the demand of sovereignty. The society of this region is basically a tribal society that has exclusivity as integral part of its culture. Earlier every hamlet was a nation by itself? There is a need to investigate into history to see the spirit of secessionism in the globalized and inclusive world.
In the evolving world, desire of self determination amongst the under developed societies was a common thing that evoked popular response. But it does not suggest the similar level of sympathy now when societies are fast transforming from exclusiveness to inclusiveness with its nature changing from local to regional, regional to national and national to Global. There are multiple faces of insurgency i.e. secessionism (territorial break away from the existing state and establishment of a new state and separatism (standing not for break away but partial dissonance from state establishment on certain issues). Contemporarily there is also a need to understand the meaning of the words Sovereignty and Colonial; repeatedly used to mislead the commoners. Sovereignty is the word that defines self rule over a well defined geographical area having fixed boundaries. Colonial is an adjective of the word Colony meaning a country or area under the political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country. Both these words are irrelevant today because our own chosen people (in democratic set up) are representing us in the state and centre and ruling the states defined by fixed boundaries.
The author is of the opinion that it was not the basic demand of secession but of separatism due to discord on issues of identity & feeling of insecurity (a natural process for an exclusive society). The memorandum of Naga Club submitted to Simon Commission vouches for the same. It reads:-
“ … Our country with in the administered area consists of more than eight tribes, quite different from one another with quite different languages which cannot be understood by each other and there were tribes which are not known of present. We have no unity among us and it is only the British government that is holding us together now. Our education is at present poor ---. We have not got one yet who is able to represent all our different tribes or master our languages much less to represent us in any council of a population. However our population is very small in comparison with the population of the plains district in the province and in any representation that may be allotted to us in the council will be negligible and will have no weight. Whatsoever ----- our country is poor, it does not pay for its administration. Therefore, we are afraid that new heavy taxes will have to be imposed and in the long run we shall have no claim in the land of our birth and life will not be worth living then---“.
As of now there are 16 tribes and many sub tribes in Nagaland. People of these tribes are representing the society in the state council and also have a representative in the parliament. Literacy and Education level of the people has changed for better. Number of youths is studying in metros and abroad. Numbers of youths are displaying acumen for entrepreneur ship. Naga roses have a good market abroad. National Research Centre for Orhids has identified NE region as potential for floricultural that can be taken up by young entrepreneurs. First Naga has been nominated as standing counsel, for Nagaland, at Supreme Court of India. The region has abundance of natural and mineral resources. The states of the region do not need special status (preferential) but equal status with rest of the states. They prefer compensatory action for under development before the states of the region catch up to become Giver states instead of being Taker states.
Now the populace is thinking inclusive rather than exclusive barring the vested interests. Exclusive feelings are result of bloodshed & Fear Psychosis in the state despite ceasefire agreement. Now the NGOs, church associations, Gaon Buras, Naga Mother’s association and the whole populace have realized the importance of globalization. Every one shuns violence in the name of false path to self determination. Author had an opportunity to talk to some of the intellectuals from this region settled outside their states. It is surprising that most do not want to get back to their state despite having great love for their moorings but avoidable violence (a hindrance to progressive life that every human wants to lead). The fears mentioned in the memorandum are no more relevant today. But the Governments (at state and centre) have to consider the sensitivities of the people, include end to end accountability to ensure development to overcome lag behind feeling.
In Assam the movement against illegal migration was accorded Secessionist status by ULFA for their own reasons in mid eighties. Little was it realized that the boundaries of Assam have been changing from times of great king Sui Kapha (a Tai) to the times when Britishers controlled the province. Now the spirit of the peaceful coexistence, cooperation and collaboration has been accepted by the people. APW (Assam People Works) were the first one to reject the demand of sovereignty by ULFA. Protalk ULFA, NDFB, KLNLF have also dropped the same and they want a peaceful agreement. So does the peace loving society of Assam.
There is a need to understand that the seeds of secessionism and separatism sown by Britishers for their self interests. Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation of 1873 (BEFR 1873), Scheduled District Act of 1874 and Frontier Tract Regulation of 1880 were the instruments used by them to progress their economic and administrative interests. BEFR was brought in to subdue hill rulers by separating them from plains because all the revenue was received from plains. Imperial policies to suppress local language and set up artificial boundaries were used for cheap and simplified administration, which resulted in ethnicities and conflicts. There is a need of inclusive approach with ethnic exclusiveness. Steps are already underway in form of regional food festivals, regional cultural shows in the heartland of India. Awareness and thinking about this region has taken a more positive turn amongst people outside the region now then hitherto fore.

Geoffery
(Readers can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@rediffmail.co.in OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.bolgspot.com)

LEGALISING THE ILLEGAL ( AN EFFORT)

LEGALISING THE ILLEGAL
(AN EFFORT)
No one can play with the spirit of masses. It’s more applicable in a democratic set up like ours. Of late NSCN (IM) had been the cause of needless tension in the region. And this is due to illegal acts that the outfit wants to legalize with the power of gun. Probably the outfit is fed up of staying in jungles and is rushing to populated areas resulting in stress, fear and uncertainty in the minds of the people there.
Efforts of the outfit in Nagaland have failed and people have replied in the language it understands. Despite wielding of sophisticated weapons, the cadres were chased away by the unarmed people (of Phek) with whatever they had i.e. Dah, Sickles, Lathi etc. Peaceful uprising of the people in terms of observing black day, rallies etc against killings of innocents like Konyak Youths , Inato Sumi(4), Hoveto, Hurbert (10) & Martin(12) etc in 2007 has also conveyed a message to the outfit. Tribes like Chakhesang People’s Organisation had sternly warned the cadres against causing disturbance in their lives.
The people seem to have understood that the outfit is acting more colonial against the other Naga tribes for its own gain. There is a need to understand meaning of the word colonial, which is an adjective of the word colony meaning a country or area under the political control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country. The outfit is engaged in number of illegal activities i.e. extortion, kidnapping, procurement of arms, inter factional killing in populated areas, collection of illegal taxes, training other outfits for consideration, illegal occupation of land of other tribes ( Jalukie incident) etc. under the cover of cease fire agreement with the Government of India. All these activities are in violation of ceasefire ground rules (CFGR) as the author knows.
Now the outfit is heading towards Manipur. Least has it realised that spirit of Manipuris against illegal activities is no less. The spirit of June up rise in 2001 against extension of ceasefire (with Nagas) without territorial limits is still alive. 18 Jun is observed as a “Unity Day” in Manipur. On that day 18 Manipuris (aged 15 to 46) lost their precious lives braving the curfew. The sacrifice of the people will not go waste.
Recent effort to establish a camp in Ukhrul district has also not succeeded, which was attempted by the outfit in 2007 also. As far as the author knows the areas of the camp have been well defined and the cadres are not supposed to establish new camps, recruit new cadres, train other outfits etc. But effort is being made for every thing proscribed, hoping that it will be accepted with the passage of time.
The effort of the outfit to establish a camp in Ukhrul has not succeeded due to the joint pressure of people’s WILL and action of security forces. Women folk of Siroy and adjoining villages such as Langdang, Choithar and Lunghar have been sitting on vigil 24 hours a day, interspersed with prayers, to keep a watch in case the clash breaks out between the outfit and SF. Head man of village Sirohi Wungachan Shangh when asked whether he had been given any written document signed between NSCN (IM) and Government of India replied in Negative (The Sangai Express 23 Jan 09).
People of the village had made separate appeals to Prime Minister of India, Local Headquarters of security forces and also the hierarchy of the outfit. Meanwhile civil society organization like Tangkhul Naga Long, Tangkhul Youth council and Tangkhul women association took out a rally in Ukhrul calling for means to easing tensions between two sides. One of the society leaders on condition of anonymity said,” the civil societies would not have intervened had the tension been in some isolated places like in jungles, but since the present tension is taking place in a village, we believe that the villagers would be ultimate victims (The Morung Express datelined 23 Jan 09) .
It is a strong message, the people have given to the outfits that they can not mislead them by using words like colonial, imperialist etc and interfere in their peaceful lives. They have also given a message that SFs are official instrument to ensure that CFGR are observed but we are no less in ensuring that the spirit of our peaceful living is not interfered by vested interests. This is a very potent message,” It is no good to cry peace; we must act peace, live peace and live in peace”.

Geoffery
(Readers can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@rediffmail.co.in OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.bolgspot.com)

SIROHI LILY BEING MAULED

SIROHI LILY BEING MAULED
Flowers offer a message of growth, regeneration & happiness. So is Sirohi Lily of Ukhrul District in Manipur (insurgency troubled). There is a cry from within when a flower is mangled. Same is the case when the peace of the people is disturbed. Manipur has almost two dozen UG outfits, including NSCN (IM), operating in the state. Each outfit is attempting & contesting to enlarge its area of influence for hegemony over larger territory to enhance the loot of illegal taxes, only can the hierarchy of outfits enjoy life when the cadres live in wretchedness and distress.
NSCN (IM) a scion of NSCN (other being NSCN (K)) is the largest and oldest outfit, a fountainhead of terrorism in North Eastern Region. So is its influence in and around Nagaland with voracity to enhance it further. Recent Sirohi incident is a pointer. Top hierarchy of the outfit being from Tangkhul tribe wants to have a stronghold in Manipur in violation of Cease Fire Ground Rules (CFGR) of CF agreement, applicable to Nagaland alone. Previous attempt for the same (in 2007) had been aborted by suitable intervention of SFs. The incident started on 19 Jan 09 when the outfit wanted to establish a camp in Sirohi but is not permitted being an illegal act.
Going through the media reports it is ironical to note that so called self proclaimed saviors of the society are actually perpetrators of psychological and physical violence in the society. To quote excerpts from The Sangai Express (dated 20 & 21 Jan 09); “locals requested the cadres and SF to avoid any clash. Women folk (known for their grit) kept a sharp vigil, in the night, on the village in case any confrontation takes place. Farmers were informed to cut short their work hours and return home.” This was all to avoid any collateral societal damage in case of needless clash. In the past number of innocent men, women and children have either lost their lives or were injured to be recovering later or stay maimed for life in such incidents.
These violent acts cause Fear Psychosis that stays 24 x 7 resulting in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) to many irrespective of age. The fear factor for survival had been on from time the incident commenced and will continue till it is over. This has resulted in closure of shops and cutting the work hours of those who earn enough, only for the day? The insatiability for more and more can be gauged from the fact that annual budget of the outfit runs in crores and it wants more.
Few days back the outfit had caused a crisis of cooking gas (in Manipur) by demanding Godown Tax of Rs 15 lakhs and deprived people of convenience of cooking. The illegal tax collection of the outfit on major portion of NH-39 (through 26 illegal posts) and discomfort to the people of Manipur is a known fact. People of Nagaland are already fed up with these outfits due to their illegitimate activities. There had been number of up rises, appeals and even lynching of some its cadres by the irate public. Scared; they are trying to find new places of survival. They are no ones saviour but opportunists for filling their coffers.
I am compelled to quote an international example; Hitler, who propagated that he was against Jews but saviour of Germans, was against humanity in real. The same is summed up in the poem of Martin Niem”ler (a German theologian) that he wrote in incarcerated state in the concentration camp. It reads:
First they came for the Jews and I did not speak out because I was not a Jew.
Then they came for the communists and I did not speak out because I was not a communist.
Then they came for union leaders and I did not speak out because I was not a union leader.
Then they came for me and there was no one left to speak for me.
That is the sprit that locals have understood that these outfits mean well for none but self. Manipur Naga Revolutionary Front (MNRF) General Secretary (while taking the responsibility of bomb blast (16 Jan 09) in Ukhrul town said that they understand the value of life. He further said, “Nagas of Manipur have been deceived by NSCN (IM) in the name of Nagalim /Sovereignty. It shall continue fighting against the hypocrisy and imperialistic attitude of NSCN (IM).” It further appealed to the people of Manipur to understand the threats made by NSCN (IM) to each & every good citizen as land lords for their benefits only (Eastern Mirror datelined 22 Jan 09). People need to come together for fighting against all the anti social elements to ensure a fragrant peaceful and progressive society for our generations lest they are mauled to be a non entity.
Geoffery
(Readers can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@rediffmail.co.in OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.bolgspot.com)

TROUBLED HIGHWAY

TROUBLED HIGHWAY
First phase of Look East Policy (LeP) was launched in 1995. Now it is in Phase II with expanded definition of east to include from Australia to China and East Asia. India had entered into Mekong Ganga cooperation with five South East Asian nations (Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand) and other pillar of LeP is BIMSTEC (littoral states of Bay of Bengal Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmasr, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand). For LeP to deliver optimal results North East Region (NeR) of our country has a critical role to play. This region is resource (both human and material) rich but less explored and not assessed to the level it deserves. To quote Mani Shankar Aiyar Union Minister for DoneR “NeR is like California of 1848. Just as California’s economy boomed with the start of Gold rush in 1849, a similar economic boom is just going to happen in this region”. Will this prophecy come true? How and when is to seen?
The main input for this to be successful has to come from optimal use and optimal up gradation of existing road and rail links. Plans are in place but execution is a nightmare. In whole array Manipur (Jeweled state) is a spring board that has to make key contribution. The state is principally connected to rest of the country by three National Highways (NHs): NH-39, NH-53 and NH-150 totaling 965 Kms of road through the state. The discussion is restricted to NH-39 that is the life line of Manipur. It starts from Numaligarh ( in Assam) passes through important towns of Nagaland (Dimapur- a commercial hub, Kohima- a power hub) and Manipur (Senapati- a commercial town and Imphal- a commercial and power hub before ending at Moreh). The terminus of the highway is a place where millions of rupee trade (both legal and illegal) is undertaken everyday. It is a battle ground of Indian Insurgent Groups (on either side of the border) for bigger share of the pie. Moreh has also been slated to be upgraded to Land Custom Station along with other three (Dawki in Meghalaya, Sutrakandi in Assam and Agartala in Tripura) in the region.
The life line of jeweled state is constricted with negative influence of various outfits all along. They have carved out their own areas of influence for illegal tax collection from travelers, buses and trucks plying on the road leading to inconveniences of the unfortunate people. From Khatkhati to Mao (a border town of Nagaland) the stretch is controlled by NSCN groups. Even beyond Mao to Imphal (109 Kms in Manipur) the NSCN (IM) controls, due to Naga dominated areas of Senapati district in Manipur. Imphal to Moreh (110 Kms) is divided among two dozen outfits of Manipur. NSCN (IM) being the oldest outfit has a well oiled set up to collect voluntary tax (as they call it) e.g. employment tax (@ 2% of pay p.m.), transport tax, Immigration tax etc. Probably the rates are likely to undergo a change in the new budget proposal the out fit will present very soon. The author happens to talk to one of the traders in Dimapur and enquired about the situation after 1997. The reply that shocked the author was “it was better before the agreement because demand notes were few and for smaller amounts and there was scare of law and order machinery unlike now when it happens unhindered”. It is nothing new when home minister of the state (supposed to provide flawless law and order) calls it ‘normal crimes’.
The major portion of the highway is controlled by NSCN (IM). The chief minister of Manipur was not wrong when he made a statement in Manipur state assembly replying to motion (2007) called by opposition member Oktram Joy of Manipur People’s Party that “illegal imposition of tax by NSCN (IM) on transportation in Manipur is a cause of serious concern.” He should have also highlighted the character of two dozen UG outfits operating in Manipur. The highway is a ramshackle and at number of occasions Senapati District Student Association (SDSA) has called for bandhs for improving status of the highway. Violence along the highway is another cause of concern for the investors, contractors, small time business people and all alike. As per statistics of Institute of conflict management, from 2001 to 2007 there had been 384 and 1539 insurgent related fatalities in Nagaland and Manipur respectively. As per
SATP portal Nagaland witnessed 145 and Manipur witnessed 489 fatalities in 2008. Maximum percentages of these have been in and around Imphal and Dimapur towns. There is an urgent need to fire the ceasefire i.e. state governments need to implement all encompassing effective means to check illegal activities of the outfits that have entered into an agreement of ceasefire or suspension of operations. Otherwise the dream of linking India with SE Asia through Manipur, a natural process of Globalization and regional cooperation may be over delayed or may not come true.


Geoffery
(Readers are can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in
OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com)

HEY! I AM ACCOUNTABLE

HEY! I AM ACCOUNTABLE
Ours is the largest, envied and resilient democracy in the world. After the Britishers left our soil for good, we decided to adopt a difficult system of governance i.e. Parliamentary System. In this system elected representatives are supposed to be totally accountable i.e. both vertically and laterally. Vertically upwards to the nation, party hierarchy and vertically downwards to the electorate they represent. Laterally they are equally accountable to the members of party they represent and other members of parliament. Are they so? This question has been debated upon by the nation many a times. But war on Mumbai has made the debate more vociferous and forceful. The result is the high sounding statements, questioning and rolling of certain heads. High sounding statements by senior leaders had become order of the day. Congress party president Smt Sonia Gandhi said, “------- it is the time to deliver “. Yes! Madam, it is so lest it is too late.
There are other countries (UK, Newzealand, Australia, Canada) with parliamentary system of governance where parliamentarians are as much accountable to their own colleagues in the party as to the electorate and the nation they represent. But in our country the speculation goes on till the last before a new member is inducted into the party unlike the other countries where a deliberate consensus is arrived at before induction of new members. Electorate is never interacted after gaining the power unlike some of the nations where electorate is interacted to synergise the planned development with local needs. There is a large scale money flow during and after elections (a basic democratic process). Former is to buy votes of the poor & needy electorate and later to fill up personal coffers. Election Commissioner N Gopaleswamy has admitted, “In Karnataka assembly election in May 08, hard cash, liquor, and Goodies worth Rs 45.57 Crore were seized”. He further added, “If a candidate is willing to spend 10 times more than the prescribed ceiling, it is not out of philanthropy but in the secure knowledge that he can earn 10 times what he spends when he gets power”.
Officially speaking during assembly elections a candidate can spend Rs 12 lakhs on the campaign. Out of this Rs 4 Lakhs are to be kept aside for national or state level leaders to campaign. Does it happen? Udit Raj who quit as income tax commissioner to contest elections in Delhi said, “Elections have become a total farce. It is money that matters. Ideology alone cannot win you elections how can there be an ideology that is to be adhered after coming to power? There are pre poll and post poll alliances. Former can keep the ally bound to a common strategy but the later is only at convenience of the ally. There are some of the independent candidates who rule the roost just to reach the magic simple majority figure. This is not without a consideration.
Forewarnings of the use of; money in elections had already been forecast but of no avail. C Raja Gopalachari had predicted,” we shall see the power & tyranny of wealth. In 1957 TISCO wanted to change their Memorandum of Association to allow company to make contributions to political parties. Bombay High Court allowed with weighing obiter dictum, “we think it our duty to draw the attention of parliament to the great danger inherent in permitting companies to make contribution to the funds of political parties. It is a danger which; may grow apace and which may overwhelm and even throttle democracy in the country”.
As the law stands at present, a political party; may receive any amount by way of contributions under the Companies Act by way of an independent encouragement of corporate funding. Section 77 of the Representation of Peoples act excludes expenditure incurred by political parties from the computation of Election Commission prescribed ceiling on a candidate’s election expenditure.
Criminal records of most of the elected members (both at the centre and state) are well known. And affiliations of convenience of these members with under ground (UG) or criminal outfits are also an open secret. North East Region (NeR) of our country abounds in number of UG outfits. Every outfit here has an affiliation or tacit understanding with some or the other political party. Our leaders do not seem to be responsible to the electorate and not are they proud of the appointments they hold because none feels accountable for the mishaps that occur in their ministries. Recent examples of Home Minister at the centre and Maharashtra assembly (who were cajoled to accept responsibility) are fresh in our minds. There are umpteen examples of Rail ministry. The situation in NeR is no better where mishaps are an order than an exception. The wastage of assembly time and parliament time in non issues is order of the day, least do they realize each minute of parliament costs Rs. 26000/- to the public. It seems the representatives are partially accountable to the party they represent (power needs) and fully responsible to the money they harvest. Wish insight comes that,”Politics is not about big money or power games; it is about improvement of people,s lives”.


Geoffery
(Readers can reach out to the writer via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in
Or post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com)

CEASEFIRE OF CONVENIENCE

CEASE FIRE OF CONVENIENCE
Naga militancy is the oldest in the North East Region (NeR) of our nation. It can also be called the mother group for all insurgencies in the region. NSCN (IM) was first to sign a cease fire agreement with GoI in 1997 followed by NSCN (K) in 2001. It means that these groups need to adhere to certain ground rules called ceasefire ground rules (CFGR) to ensure peace prosperity & progress in the state. This prohibits the group signing the agreement to train other groups, not to have nexus with other group, not to not go to populated areas with arms, not to extort etc.
Recent news of arrest of ANLA commander John Toppo and his confession to Assam Police betrays the spirit of CFGR. He said that he and 20 more cadres of his outfit were taking shelter in NSCN camp in Dimapur. There may be more such smaller groups who depend on big brother for; training, arms and explosive or act as couriers for NSCN (IM) for a consideration. Nexus of the outfit with smaller groups in NC hills, Karbi Anglong and Manipur to spread its area of influence is well known. Absence of this nexus would have saved innocent lives as well as lives of youth (young cadres) who have died being part of violence. Recent reports of crime graph going up in Dimapur cannot be taken lightly. May be it also has some patronage of the outfit; not for free but for consideration. It is surprising that home minister of the state during pre Christmas speech (23 Dec 08) described rampant extortions and intimidations to business community as ‘normal crimes’. It is the same state where Chief Minister during the budget speech (2006) had said, “It is not possible for any government to prevent extortion completely”. Kidnapping and killing of businessmen for not meeting the extortion demand is frequent news in the local media. Will this be called normal crime?
Holding of LPG trucks for not meeting the demands of paying Godown tax of Rs 15 lakhs is another violation of CFGR. This all started in Dec 08 and ended temporarily in end Dec after assurance by Chief Minister of Manipur that agreement with group has been arrived at. But the Manipur is going without supply of LPG after trucks were forced to return from Maram by armed cadres for not meeting the demand. By what yardstick will this be called a normal crime? Is depriving families and children of normal conveniences of life a part of CFGR? If the group says it is fighting for well being of Nagas? Are the Nagas not staying in Manipur?
In fact the precondition (by honorable Prime Minister) of laying down arms by the Pro Talk ULFA group before talking should have been set for NSCN as well as other groups. The arms held by the groups are used to threaten the helpless locals and also arm twist the govt with a threat that the group would take up arms again if demands are not met. There are number of cases where the cadres have been chased out by the locals for disruption of peace and some of them lynched as well. The outfit also blames the state security forces for violating the CFGR not realizing how much they do.
As per SATP portal Nagaland still stands third in the number of insurgency related fatalities in NeR i.e. 145 out of total 1057 that is behind Assam (372) with Manipur (496) in the lead. It is pertinent to mention that Nagaland witnessed more number of causalities in 2008 compared to 2007 (108) and 2006 (92). The inference is that violence had been on the rise in the state for past three years despite ceasefire in force. This is all due to interfactional clashes where collateral damage in terms of life and property also takes place. There is hoarse public outcry in favour of peace. With this attitude it is evident the outfit is not for Nagas but for its own selfish ends enjoying the cease fire that suits.

Geoffery
(Readers are can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in
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ECONOMIC DEPRESSION OR SMALL THINGS IN BIG CITIES

ECONOMIC DEPRESSION
OR
SMALL THINGS IN BIG CITIES
Conventional wars are costlier in men, money and material. Therefore nations have devised ways of resorting to unconventional wars to meet their strategic needs. It could be anything: proxy war, economic war or any thing else with an aim to save crucial resources, avoid international flak and deny or accept the blame in case need be. Of late India has been a target. Because other nations, both with in the continent and out side the continent, are viewing India as stringent competitor. It is a fact that the developed, developing and under developed nations envisage the emerging, vibrant and resurgent new India and its role in new world economic order. Financial tsunami has hit the global markets and our country too has its share of its ramifications. Still Indian economy has been rated as resilient economy to with stand this global crisis stoically.
Recent 3 days siege of Mumbai (26 Nov to 28 Nov 08) has thrown up many lessons. Initial estimates say that this has resulted in a loss of approx 50000 crores plus Forex loss of about 20 billion dollars. It does not include the losses due to intangibles like fear psychosis, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and their all encompassing and prolonging effects. These losses are spread across markets, entertaining, shoping and food sectors etc. Tourism has been worst hit. Most of the air lines and hotels are receiving cancellation orders. This incident has given a message to the world that India is not a safe destination given the number of attacks that have affected the country in the past. Important aspect of the siege are two; one, that few fugitives could keep the nation guessing, hoping and praying( for 72 Hrs) for their near and dear ones taken hostages at Taj, Oberoi and Nariman house. Two, that hostages killed were multinational i.e. Indians (as always have been), Americans, Germans, Japanese, English and Israelis. This has garnered international response to such crisis unlike earlier.
India had been facing such crises since the beginning of new millennium. The complete spectrum of happenings reflect that chosen targets have been metros or places frequented by visitors e.g. Delhi, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, Mumbai etc. These are also the places where visible symbols of progress are located e.g. Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and Defense Laboratories etc. Mumbai siege has been rated the biggest terror attack ever in the country. This is also compared to 9/11 of USA since two iconic buildings Taj and Oberoi had been attacked.
Mumbai is an example of direct attacking by visible foreign elements. But there had been other attacks that had been perpetrated, by vested interests, in Northern India, Central India and North East Region (NER) and the country has been bleeding in many ways. Out of total 28 states almost 19 are affected by perpetrated violence today or one can say 55 to 60 % of the country is affected by this. The involvement of DGFI of Bangladesh, ISI of Pakistan and Chinese elements is well known and documented. As per reports Assam blast ( 30 Oct 08) finger points towards China. Every one knows the role played by these agencies in training Ultras operating against our country and also provision of arms to them. The loss in Mumbai is estimable because financial capital is already at the helm of development. What about the losses of the regions those are under developed but suffering from constant violence? What about the money that is invested in these regions for development but perpetrated violence does not let it happen? Despite investing tons of exchequers money the development in these regions is abysmal. These regions and areas are at the same level of development as they were many years back.
In NER can the latent positive role of unexplored human potential, unexplored natural resource and unexplored natural potential be ignored? This is all due to perpetrated violence. Human resource of the region is raw, simple and like clay that can be molded to the developing needs of the region. Besides this future generations are also growing in the shadow of Klashnikovs and Improvised Explosive Devices. They are growing with fear psychosis and PTSD. Can the financial loss of this be estimated? This region has un harnessed potential of hydropower ( 50000m MW), natural gas ( 151068 billion cubic feet) and coal (865 million tones) and Uranium etc. Can the delay in exploring these resources and buying the same by using forex reserves be measured in economic terms? Can the delay caused by violence in developing much needed road and rail communication and its impact on development be estimated in economic terms? Wish it could be! Then alone one could have learnt the financial impact of the violence. This is not counting the resources committed to contain violence.
What has come out clearly is the lack of Political Will to find solutions due to political reasons. Otherwise home minister of Maharashtra ( RR Patil)would not have made irresponsible statement “ Bare Shehron mein chhottee chhotee batein hoti rehti hain or small incidents like this keep happening in big cities.” The same gentleman refused to accept responsibility of his failure. Shame on such leaders. It clearly indicates that our politicians are more of POLITI- SCIONS (being adept at dividing the society) and DEALERS but not leaders (only arrangement of letters differs). The WILL of the elected representatives need to match the expectations of the represented and synergized with by suitable action, otherwise present euphoria of being able to withstand financial crisis may turn to nightmare by evitable losses due to violence that will become cumulative with current crisis.

Geoffery
( Readers can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in OR post comments on blog jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com)

COUNTERVAILING GROWTH

COUNTERVAILING GROWTH


Twelve serial blasts in Assam on 30 Oct 08 was another blow to growth trajectory of India. Current growth rate (9%) has already been affected by the ongoing financial tsunami. Financial pundits have predicted that current growth rate may not be sustained but it may not be affected very badly. But how much is any one’s guess? Experts ascribe perceived strength to finer checks and balances of Indian economy. But what about terror that is shadowing the nation’s progress like an evil does the good.
India’s present growth rate was put on blocks in early nineties when protectionist policies made place for policies of economic liberalization. Now is the time when nation has caught up speed in economic growth that hardly crossed the mark of 3% before nineties? This speed has given status and power to the nation. The same can be gauged, the way India is viewed by developed nations now vis a vis pre nineties. It is a proud moment the way other nations are having a re-look at their foreign policies towards India. Recent Indo –US nuclear deal is a testimony of paradigm shift in the thinking of developed nations. This gives an added impetus to the image, power and status of our nation. Other economies have feeling of confidence and reliance on our capabilities.
Albeit there are certain forces who want to countervail this growing power. Probably an asymmetric war is played against the country by those who are either not able to keep pace or others through covert sponsoring. This is done in the form of terror acts to condition the psyche of people at large. This has an effect on our people as well as on those having interest in our country. Going through the chronology of terror acts one concludes that during the gestation period of growth (i.e. decade of nineties) these acts were also few and far between. But as the runner picked up speed in the new millennium countervailing forces have also gained momentum.
2008 has been worst till date. In 2001 it was attack on parliament (the power centre). In 2003 the target was financial capital (Mumbai). 2005 was aimed at hitting the psyche before the most celebrated festival (Diwali) of India i.e. a blast in crowded Sarojini Nagar Market of Delhi. In 2006 it was Varanasi and Mumbai (again). In 2007 it was Panipat and Hyderabad (twice). 2008 is the culmination with number of serial blasts in places that matter to country’s progress i.e. Jaipur, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Surat, Delhi (twice) and now the sensitive Assam. The latest blasts are more to be seen as threat to much talked about Look East Policy (LeP) aimed at projecting the best of North East Region (NER).
Quantitatively figures of those killed (approx 600) in new millennium due to terror are negligible as compared to population of more than 100 crores. Qualitatively and measuring by the factors responsible for power i.e. condignment, compensation and conditioning the effect is enormous. Condignment or punishment to a big country like ours is both big and small. Big in the sense that any small organization can raise its head and say,” catch us if you can”. It is also conditioning the minds of people against efficacy of law and order in the State. It is also driving wedge in the diversities of the country. Small in the sense there are lot of intrinsic contradictions in our democratic set up. It affects own countrymen, it affects those evincing interest in our country. It affects the foreign investors. It affects the tourism industry etc. Question is: is it an asymmetric combat against a progressive economy by those who are lagging behind? Is it an assymetric combat by developed economies that see developing ones as threat? Is our internal contradiction taking the toll?
Probably answer lies in mix of all the above. Abetment, encouragement and sponsoring of insurgencies in J&K and NER and other parts of our country by ISI, DGFI and other foreign agencies are an established fact. Out of 29 states in India almost 19 states are affected by violence (12 states in Northern, Central and Southern India plus 7 states of North East India). The aim is to weaken the nation both on material and psychological plane. Internal contradictions of divisive polity in the country can not be ignored. The symbiosis of polity, bureaucracy and under ground (UG) elements needs no telling. The symbiosis of UG in Border States and foreign elements is well documented. Planting of bombs during recent blasts in Assam are perceived to have been done by ULFA at the behest of agencies across border. There is a need to change nation’s response from plain rhetoric, fault finding and reactive to decisively measured proactive response. Our democracy needs to learn a lesson from recent hotly ever contested Presidential elections in US. Republican candidate Mc Cain not only accepted his defeat gracefully but promised to extend all the help to Obama in governance unlike our democracy where a defeated party leaves no stone unturned to pull down the ruling govt.

“Power has two aspects…It is a social necessity…It is also a social menace.”
‘De Jouvenel’



Geoffery
(Readers are can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in
OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com)

POWER DOES NOT FLOW THROUGH BARREL

POWER DOES NOT FLOW FROM THE BARREL
During Chinese revolution, Mao Tse Tung had propagated that power flows from the barrel of the gun. Not always! The same nation is now talking of becoming super economic and technological power and military power is not emphasized. Military might of USA is universally known but has it succeeded in Vietnam and Iraq? It is not the power of gun but the WILL of masses. Germany and Japan also have a great say in world order being economic powers and not military powers. Russia was acknowledged the other pole of polarized powerful world but was disintegrated due to poor economy. Hitler and his deputy Goebbels were able to win over large territories without firing a single shot before they actually started WWII. All these indicate only one thing that power does not lay in the gun but in the man behind the gun,
Military might or the power of gun is only brute power with a very little and localized impact unlike the power of ideas or mind which is all pervasive. Even Mao who propagated the concept of power of gun had written large number of books to change the minds of the people. Ideas once conceived need to be nurtured, implanted in minds & reared for desired growth. It is the ideas that can turn the tables and not the gun. Mahatma Gandhi most admired nonviolent leader in the world had masses behind him because he was able to impact the minds of people. This force helped him shake the roots of British Empire without the gun.
North East Region (NER) of our nation has been suffering from long-drawn-out violence for six decades with no end in sight. Applying the concept of violence through wielding of gun in NER one can only arrive at a conclusion that these are not activists but thugs who are terrorizing men women and children for their vested interests. The killings of innocents, extortions, kidnapping for ransom and bandhs (either called by UGs or against the activities of UGs) is the order of the day. A young man when recruited by the outfits through false promises feels power of wielding the gun due to adrenalin flow but is disappointed later. If the gun was that powerful it would have yielded results. The same was realized first by Mizoram and the state is on trajectory of peace and progress.
Of late futility of power of gun has been realized by some members of the outfits. Cadres from A and C companies of United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) have declared unilateral ceasefire and formed a Pro Talk ULFA group. The group is making serious efforts to persuade more members of the outfit to lay down arms and enter into a peace process. Major ZD Akho ( ex NSCN(IM)) cadre got associated with the proscribed outfit in 1990 but now he has disassociated himself due to malicious functioning of the outfit, disregard to erstwhile human values, disregard to safety & security of younger cadres etc. He says, “I joined the organization out of love for my country, why should I agree to be employed in destroying our own people” (Nagaland Post dated 18 Feb 08).
Importance of entering in dialogue and futility of violent struggle is well understood by the statement made by General Secretary, Chorkhy, of United Liberation Front of Barak Valley (ULFBV) during surrender ceremony. He surrendered with 305 cadres and said,” We realized that we can’t achieve anything by armed struggle. As far as development of our community and other tribal groups is concerned we are still there where we were seven years back (outfit was founded in2001).” What a prudent remark! It sounds true for every outfit in the region. The region has not got the deserved status despite all the favorable inputs like; simple and dedicated human resource, abundance of natural resources, luxuriant valleys and clean climate.
The differences in mass reactions to inter factional killings and killings/ harassment of innocents by the cadres of various outfits are an eye opener. When a militant is killed reaction is either from the same outfit for disowning own cadre or blame other outfits or SFs. When these out fits kill innocents or kidnap innocents or extort for self claimed degenerative aims the reactions are a galore and all inclusive. This includes reactions of leaders, students, women and NGOs etc talking in unison against these heartless and shameful acts. Now the people have realized the fact that power lies in their will to fight injustice met to their
freedom.
There are number of incidents where the armed cadres have been chased out by unarmed but determined public. In Aug five Kangliepak Communist Party-Military Council (KCP-MC) cadres, who were trying to kidnap two children, were thrashed by villagers of Nambol Khabi before police arrested them. Two cadres of Peoples Republic of Kangliepak (PREPAK) were rounded up by locals to prevent the attempted abduction of Zila Parishad members in Imphal East under Heingang police station on 04 Oct 08 ( The Sangai Express datelined 05 Oct). There are cases where these cadres have been lynched also. Determined action of the people is laudable by any score and this is the only way to deal with the criminals, thugs and loots. This can only lead to a peaceful, progressive and developed society where children can breathe an air of freedom. This can only get the desired and deserved status to this beautiful landscaped region where simple but people with rich values exist
“Peace is not the absence of conflict but the presence of creative alternatives for responding to conflict- alternatives to passive or aggressive responses, alternatives to violence.” ‘Dorothy Thompson’

(Readers can reach out to the author via email:jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in OR post views on blog jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com

GROWTH ENGINE MUST CHUG

GROWTH ENGINE MUST CHUG
North East Region (NER) of India comprising of eight states constitutes 9% land mass of the country. It abounds in rich forests, verdant valleys with salubrious climate, scenic spots and unharnessed tourist potential despite inherent natural advantages. The campaign Incredible India has done lot of good to market India’s tourist potential. This region with natural advantages for tourism can contribute towards the larger aim and also help the region achieve socio economic objectives. It has been seen that travel & tourism sector creates more jobs per million rupees of investment than any other sector of the economy and is capable of providing employment to a wide spectrum of job seekers from the unskilled to the especially skilled people even in the remote parts of the country. It is a growth engine which needs a constant chug to bring constant progress, constant prosperity and constant development in the region. But for this engine to chug a visitor needs to be given value for his money both in physical and psychological plane.
In last few years it is seen that out of the total tourists coming to India only 4% came to NER despite its potential to attract more. Tourism industry is contributing approx 6% to India’s GDP, generating approx 51 million jobs but earns less than 1% share of World’s Foreign Exchange earnings. For every one foreign tourist, there are 80 domestic tourists in India. To cash in on this potential and ensure value for money of a tourist; inputs are being factored in NER i.e. laying of new rail lines, conversion of M.G to BG rail lines, four laning of roads (NH-53, NH-39 etc), cheaper air traffic more air lines in the fray, creation of first adventure park in Manipur out of MPLAD fund and addition of other infrastructural facilities required for tourism. But at what speed is the implementation of this much needed infrastructural development? Thankfully nine rail projects (1450 KMs of rail lines approx) linking six states (Assam, Manipur, Tripura, Nagaland, Meghalaya and Mizoram) have been declared as national projects and constant flow of funds is ensured under non lapsable fund to accelerate the same.
Recently during the fourth business summit of North East Council at Gauhati the CMs of Nagaland and Manipur made a strong case for removal of permit system (PAP & RAP) that restricts foreign travel to their states. Inner Line Permit (ILP) also needs to be removed for ensuring more domestic visitors. These permits are a legacy of colonial legislation (Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation 1863) that made it compulsory for any outsider to obtain the permit. These permits were implemented by Britishers to sow the seeds of separatism and prevent interaction between locals and outsiders and nurse their own interests. What place do these permits have in globalized world where people share thoughts, views and interact through web without seeing the other person? Besides this people of this region are making a difference both nationally and internationally and fusion of original and new values is the order of the day. The band ABIOGENESIS of Nagaland is making waves in Mumbai both for Indian and Foreign music lovers. Numbers of locals are displaying various levels of reckonable enterprise. This is the time to have more of inclusive societies than exclusive societies to gain advantage of all-round progress.
Out of eight states; Mehalaya, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram are almost violence free and other four states Assam, Nagaland, Manipur and Tripura has large areas that are violence free. Still tourist flow is not at desired level. Would a tourist whose mind is preoccupied with the news of bomb blasts and staccato of rifle shots like to come and have a safer and relaxed holiday? Can any state think of reaping the rich dividends of this growth oriented sector in insecure environment? Can any one think that vested interests with self claimed aims are likely to head any where ignoring socio economic growth? Answer to this is a CERTAIN NO! The trend is visible in declining tourist traffic in this part of the country. We all know the negative effect on tourism of 9/11attack on WTC in 2001 and Bali/Red Sea resort in Egypt. Similarly violence against non locals in Assam had led to issue of warnings by USA, UK and Australia to their country men visiting India (especially North East India). Present violence at Udalguri between Bodos and Muslims may also have a similar effect.
Guwahati is the gateway to the region, more so when major tourist traffic is of domestic origin that travels more by surface transport. Inadequacy of infrastructure for stay can be enhanced where every North Easterner will contribute towards this sector. Bed and Breakfast scheme can contribute to individual, village, town, district and state economy. The facilities can be absolute ethnic with contemporary touch but eco friendly. Tourist should be given every thing ethnic from stay to travel to include various modes of transport. Standards for ethnic stay facilities can be laid down that are controlled and monitored by the village council. The village council should keep records of visitors that are liable to scrutiny if need be. Pronounced grass root level democracy is forte of this part of the country, more than other places.
Previously tourism was only considered to be responsibility of private enterprise. It is a good sign that now this may be included in concurrent list and granted constitutional status. Besides other products of this industry Health tourism and Geo tourism (e.g.1032 caves in Meghalaya) in the region can also contribute a lot. As part of
Look East Policy and proposed (by Honorable PM) PAFTA (Pan ASEAN Free Trade Area) the neighboring country tourist inflow to this region is likely to increase.
Wish the spirit of resorting to political dialogue by ULFBV (United Liberation Front of Barak Valley) prevails across all the militant groups in NER. The outfit has bid farewell to arms. In surrender ceremony its General Secretary Chorkhy said,” We have realized that we can’t achieve anything by armed struggle. As far as development of our community and other tribal groups is concerned we are still there where we were seven years back (outfit was founded in2001).” The same is true for all the groups claiming to fight for their communities. Let the atmosphere of peace prevail in NER. Let others change their opinion that how much the region has to offer them. Present generation needs to live not only for present times but leave a developed and progressive societal heritage for our future generations too. Therefore, the growth engine must chug and cause excellence and richness in society.

Geoffery
(Readers can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.bolgspot.com)

TERROR TERROR TERROR

TERROR, TERROR, TERROR


India has been having a liberal dose of terror attacks since the beginning of 21st century. Parliament attack in 2001 has been followed by number of attacks at other places to bleed the nation through many wounds. Most of the big cities like Bombay, Hyderabad, Bangalore & Delhi along with smaller places of importance like Panipat (in Haryana) and Jaipur in Rajasthan etc. have been targeted. It takes its toll (tangible & intangible) in terms of men, material and spread of fear psychosis. There comes the question of finding a solution to this unending bane.
Anti terror laws enacted by the affected states are awaiting approval by the centre. In a democratic country like ours the citizens are more concerned about their own rights than duties. That is the reason that anti terror laws are not being enacted. Similar is the case with imposition of far- reaching Armed Forces Special Powers act (AFSPA) in North East (NE) region of this country. There had b.een number of outcries to repeal this sweeping legislation in favor of human rights. In a liberal democratic setup like ours personal liberties and personal rights are well understood but what about societal liberties and societal rights? Does not the society has right to enjoy peace, prosperity and progress?
Need to learn from the experience of more liberal countries like USA, Australia ,UK etc. who have been able to check terror activities by enacting tough laws and making it more difficult for the miscreants to operate. But these have to have a centrifugal effect i.e. cleansing terror from inside out. The USA PATRIOT ACT of 2001 (uniting & strengthening America by providing appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct terrorism act 2001) has allowed the US security agencies to search telephone, email communications, medical, financial and other records. Australia has given “stop and search” powers to their police, which allow the police to stop and search people. The country also has a “control order” that empowers police to approach a closed court and ask restrictions to be placed on some one who poses a terror threat. The UK’s new counter terrorism bill extends the pre charge detention of terror suspects from 28 to 42 days.
NE region has been conflict ridden for past six decades now. In 1958 AFSPA was enforced in this region to provide safety to armed forces personnel (Officer, JCO, NCO) against the impunity and freedom enjoyed by insurgents for violence. Under this act armed forces personnel are empowered to arrest a person without warrant on suspicion and open fire incase required for maintaining public order. These special powers are only vested to armed forces in case the area has been declared disturbed by the state and notification issued by the central government. It is always voiced that armed forces commit excesses but a silver lining is that human rights commissions (HRCs) exercise check on these excesses. There are numbers of cases that come to light where armed forces personnel have been booked by the court (army/civil) for the excesses committed and victim granted compensation (thanks to HRCs). But in a democracy and free society this kind of laws that restrict individual freedom but ensure societal well being are unwelcome.
The beautiful canvas of NE region is stained with blots of militancy. So called insurgents have turned to terrorists and criminals. Various feeder highways (NH-39, NH-53, NH-150) have been divided as per area of influence of various outfits. Besides this all employees and businessmen these taxes get added to the costs which a common man pays. Cyclic effect of all this is widespread corruption. All employees charge money to do the official work by ensuring governance of deprivation where a common man is compelled to grease the palms of officials. It is also learnt that the outfits collect and spend money on welfare. Readers need to think about whose welfare it is (own leaders who are staying abroad) pseudo organizations (who only know to put fuel into the fire) or cadres (used as cannon fodders). The status of pseudo organizations is like an unscrupulous monkey who deprived the two cats of bread by his clever moves and ate up the same himself. Hierarchy of the outfits is not interested in finding solutions because it will strip them of unwarranted privileges. The case of higher echelons of the outfits owning prime properties in the country and outside the country is well known.
Mizoram has been freed of the yoke of AFSPA. States of Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh of this region did not need such an act. This act was repealed with in Imphal municipal limits in response to large scale protests after Th. Manorama case in 2004. But has the repealing made Imphal a safer place or more unsafe? Readers may draw their own conclusions because maximum numbers of kidnappings, extortions, bomb attacks, grenade attacks etc are reported from that area. There is a need to predictably localize the movements of the terrorists/ UGs by befitting restrictions and empowering agencies meant to ensure safety and security of common man.
The writer is not canvassing for AFSPA but there is need to introspect and arrive at a point when the state does not feel the necessity to declare the area as disturbed. Part III and IV of Indian Constitution deal with fundamental rights and directive principles of state policy. Article 21 reads; “No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law”. There is need of whole hearted contribution by law makers,. law keepers and society at large to uphold the spirit of the said article. There is need to change our mind set from only self welfare to societal welfare. There is need to create conditions for repealing the hated act and there should be no need to impose it ever.



Geoffery
(readers are reach out to the writer via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in or post views on jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com

People;s Voice is God's Voice

PEOPLE’s VOICE IS GOD’s VOICE
“God has not given us the spirit of timidity but of Power, Love and Discipline” ‘2 Timothy 2:7’
All religions, all faiths, all societies in the world believe that there is some super power who controls the man kind. This super power is called by different names; God, Allah, Christ, Satguru etc. It is also said that the almighty resides in the people he has created. Therefore the voice of the people is His voice. This region (NE) of our country has been conflict ridden for almost six decades now. Though part of this region is peaceful ie. Arunachal & Sikkim and part seemingly peaceful ie eghalaya, Mizoram and Tripura and balance is suffering from myriad forms of violence.
This violence was ideology based earlier and was backed by the masses. But now ideology has morphed in to criminology. These criminals, claiming themselves as fighting for a cause, are mistaken patriots. At the outset all the organisations starting form NNC, NSCN, UNLF and ULFA have faced splits and sub splits to be headed by one of the break away cadres who did not get his share of ill gotten gains. This has made the situation more complex in the region and resulted in down right terror activities, criminalization, mafiaisation of these groups and sub groups. Each one is trying for a major share of material gains but claiming to represent a spiritual cause for the society it comes from.
Crime index in the region is showing an upward trend especially Assam, Nagaland and Manipur. All sorts of crimes that were never heard of earlier (being of anti tribal value) are being committed now e.g. kidnapping, flesh trade, rape, extortion, murder, theft etc. This is nothing but a distressed attempt of various gangs to express their failed power of gun they are happy to exercise. Now all sections of society are up against these social crimes. A society that was known for its indigenous but rich human values and bonding seems to have run out of patience. There are reactions in abundance from children, elders, shop keeper, teachers, businessmen etc.
Youth seem to have realized the senselessness of gun culture; therefore they are not lured by false recruitment promises of UGs. These outfits decided to kidnap and forcibly recruit the innocent children in desperation. An eight year old was kidnapped by two suspected militants in Mangaldoi and a failed attempt was also made to kidnap a shopkeeper. This invited a huge protest in Mangaldoi (Telegraph dt 26 Aug 08). Father of eight year old said, “I have no enemies. I really cannot understand who could have kidnapped my son”. Probably he stated this under fear.
For past few months in Manipur, children are afflicted by fear psychosis, traumatised and worried about their future. Angombi Chandra said, “Children are pillars of the nation and if the militants keep doing these evil activities they will ruin children’s life. So it will not bring any good to the nation”. Another student Laxmi said, “I really don’t like such kind of atmosphere. It affects our studies. She also added that in future, I would like to see Manipur to be very developed and all should be in unity” (Manipur Mail datelined 27 Aug 08). There is a loud message in the voice of children, ‘Please ADD LIFE to our years and NOT FEAR to our lives”.
In Nagaland Church leaders, elders, businessmen, NGOs are voicing against factional violence in unison. Church leaders are making constant reconciliatory efforts. Gaon Burahs (GBs) and Dobashis DBs) association took initiative to bring an end to factional violence but of no avail. Now GBs and DBs have called for state wide bandh to protest against continued but avoidable factional violence (Nagaland Post datelined 29 Aug 08). There are number of protests against plethora of crimes depicting declining societal values.
In Manipur every one is aware of the strike by humble rickshaw pullers, truckers, teachers, govt. employees against unreasonable demands of the outfits and difficulties faced by common man. On 28 Aug 08 shops along Sega road (in Imphal) downed their shutters and staged Wakat Meepham to protest against monetary demands of KYKL ( Rs/- 30000, 20000 and 10000 from A,B,C grade shops respectively ( The Sangai Express datelined 29 Aug 08). Not a single day passes when some or the other civil group is not protesting against mayhem of terrorists. At the same time KYKL and UNLF have come out with a blue print of Joint Task Force Medical and Health (JTF-MH) aimed to cleanse the administrative decay for benefit of masses ( Imphal Free Press datelined 24 Aug 08). It is nothing but a ploy to plough more funds for their treasury by wielding the gun against doctors, contractors and pharmacists.
In Assam, Peace Consultative Group (PCG) was set up in 2005 to commence peace process with ULFA which is nowhere in sight despite the people’s desperate desire. Now the people have realized the reason that top ULFA leadership is ravishing their lives in Bangladesh with their business running in multi million dollars. This is not withstanding the money extorted, collected and sent by the cadres in Assam. Probably futility of the same has also been realized by leadership of 28 and 709 battalions who form the Pro Talk ULFA group. Jiten Dutta ( Pro Talk leader of 28 battalion of ULFA) said,” People of Assam want peace and the ULFA central leadership should respect the aspirations of the people and come for unconditional peace talks”.
There are number of cases where some of these cadres have been beaten, chased out and even lynched by the people. Probably masses are conveying Seneca’s (Roman Philosopher) message to miscreants in a very strong manner i.e. “to be feared is to fear; No one has been able to strike terror into others and at the same time enjoy peace of mind’.

Geoffery
(Readers can reach out the author via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in
OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com)

CEASEFIRES(CFs) AND SoO

CEASEFIRES (CFs) AND SoO
CFs and SoO (Suspension of Operations) with Under Ground (UG) Groups of North East (NE) region are the same side of a coin. Other side is the violence. Both aim at stopping the violence in society. The difference between the two is, the former is bipartite (UG Group and GoI) and latter tripartite (UG Group, GoI & State Govt). Ceasefires have given birth to a new form of seemingly legalized violence in public places. Probably SoO may be better since state govt is on board. It is heartening that the most troubled state (Manipur) of this region has embarked on SoO (first ever) with the conglomerations of Kuki, Zomi and Hmar outfits i.e. United People’s Front (UPF) and Kuki National Organisation (KNO). Probably others will follow the suit. Previously it was between SF and UG Group without recognition of Manipur govt.
CF between NSCN (IM) and GoI has been in existence for 11 years now but there is no respite to violence in Nagaland. In fact the violence has made a dangerous shift from uninhabited areas to thickly populated towns. The results can be gauged from one of the conversation, the author had with a shop keeper in Dimapur (a business hub). On being questioned about the present situation in Nagaland, The reply was, “It was better 20 years ago”. Author interrupted, “It was peak of insurgency then and now it is ceasefire”. Shopkeeper replied, “Demand notes (for money) by NSCN were in hundreds then and now it is in lakhs”.
GoI also entered into a CF with Khaplang faction of NSCN in 2001. Now there is an emergence of third group called unification group of NSCN. It is formed by breakaway cadres of NSCN (IM) and headed by Sumi leaders Azheto Chophy and brother of Isak Swu (President of IM group). This group posed it self as a new Robin Hood but is far from it. It is not in a ceasefire mode. Earlier factional clashes were between two groups but now it is amongst three groups. These are more for control of major territory of Nagaland for maximum ill-gotten gains. It has resulted in killing of more number of Nagas both by direct clash of the groups and collateral damage to innocent civilians. Chingwak Konyak, leader of congress legislator party (CLP) said about the prevailing situation, “It is not that Nagas fear Indian army nor other security forces but they (Nagas) fear their own brothers”. As per Institute of conflict management there had been a total of 255 insurgent related fatalities in 2006 and 2007. Out of this 204 were naga militants (terrorists) and 49 naga civilians.
After CF with NSCN groups followed number of CFs with other groups in the region e.g. United People’s Democratic Solidarity (UPDS), Dima Halam Daogah (DHD), Bodos, Achik National Volunteer Council (ANVC) etc. Latest is Hywennwerp National Liberation Council (HNLC) wanting to enter into a ceasefire after realizing the senselessness of gun culture. Despite all this violence level in Assam is not declining. Only United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) can not be blamed for the violence in Assam but also the outfits committed to CF. In 2006 and 2007 there were total of 913 insurgency related incidents that resulted in death of 450 civilians, 175 insurgents and 56 SFs in Assam.
ULFA is not entering into peace talks despite Assamese wanting peace desperately. ULFA is also divided between pro talk (break away cadres of 28th and 709th battalion) and anti talk i.e. rest of ULFA including C in C Paresh and President Rajkhowa. The outfit has set conditions to dodge the peace initiative since the ULFA leadership is living lavishly in Bangladesh and cadres are languishing in poverty. To quote director of Assam Public Works (APW, an organization of kith and kin of ULFA), “since ULFA C in C Paresh Barua and Chairman Arbindo Rajkhowa have been minting money and living a lavish life in Bangladesh. They are reluctant to hold peace talks with the government even though people of Assam want peace in the state.” (The Sentinel datelined 12 Jul08).
Now it is SoO with UPF and KNO; accumulations of eight and seven outfits respectively. Will this be more effective than ceasefire and how can ceasefires be made effective? Will this give these outfits a chance to run their own writ in more open and more legalized manner? Every sane citizen feels the effect of failing governance in the states. Every one feels there is parallel governance by insurgent turned mafia or gangs of criminals who need to be reined in soonest possible. Do the CF and SoO mean that the outfit will carry out those activities that were being done covertly earlier?
Let the appeasement be not out of fear or to avoid unpleasant ness but from a position of strength and with clear policies. This is the only sure way of lasting peace. CF ground rules say that GoI will ensure implementation of agreement with the group. Law and order is a state subject and state legislature is a constitutionally elected body. Therefore it is legitimate that state govt. implements the agreement clauses on behalf of GoI. Is it being done or refused willingly since the state is not a signatory to the agreement? The people who have elected legislators of state govt. to power have all the right to expect a fair deal and not left to protracted and avoidable inconveniences. This is also written that members of the outfits under CF will not move with weapons and will not resort to recruitment, extortion, illegal blockades etc. But this is the order of the day. Besides getting maintenance allowance the cadres are engrossed in all sorts of proscribed activities (of a civil society) to fill their coffers.
The maintenance allowance to the cadres should not be given as a grant but it should be linked to productivity. The state govt. should be house the cadres in safe places and impart vocational training under a secure environment. There after these cadres can be engaged in productive activities like pineapple industry, growing of vanilla trees, organic farming, rubber industry etc and the products could be sold out by a cooperative. This needs to planned, executed and actioned both in retrospect and prospect.
“Let us never negotiate out of Fear. Let us never fear to Negotiate”
‘John F Kennedy’
Geoffery
(Readers can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery@rediffmail.co.in OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.bolgspot.com)

TERROR ALERT / TERROR AVERT

TERROR ALERT/TERROR AVERT
North East (NE) region of our country is strategically located and shares its borders with other countries i.e. Nepal, Bhutan, China, Myanmar and Bangladesh but connected to rest of the country through 20 mile wide corridor called Chicken Neck. This region has suffered from insurgency since independence. Naga insurgency is the oldest of all insurgencies in the region. Presently the number of under ground (UG) outfits operating in an over ground manner, in this region, are to be counted to be believed. Their love and hate relationship due to mutual/ individual conveniences are well known. Come! Any important day i.e. Independence Day (15 Aug) or Republic day (26 Jan) or any big festival an alert is sounded either by the intelligence agencies or alert of non cooperation by terrorist (criminal) organisations. Will this alert (a norm in this region) be continued till eternity or steps taken to avert the terror filled environment? Question is when & how?
There is a story. Put a frog in the pot of boiling water. The frog will make an effort to become free of it. Though it will be shocked and scalded but jump free of the boiling water. Take another frog and put it in a pot of water at room temperature. Keep the pot on fire. Slowly the frog will get used to higher and higher temperature till it goes into stupor and dies. Probably the society of this region is now getting into a state of stupor and partially it has already died physically and in conscious (to fight back). Terror strikes can be in any form; bomb blast, raping young girls, kidnapping school kids, holding the people for a ransom etc. Although an alert is sounded before the important occasions but still incidents happen. Notwithstanding the incidents on important occasions these happen otherwise also.
Probably society has to internalise this fear unless there is fundamental change in thought process of legislators and legislated. In a discussion on terror attacks (after Ahmedabad Blasts) in one of the “BIG FIGHT” programme on NDTV, Sh. ID Swamy and Mrs Marget Alva were the participants. Instead of addressing the issues the discussion was more on mudslinging. Each one was trying to bring out what the other party had not done when it was in power. How shameful it is! Planners and Decision makers are more concerned about vote bank ideology than the course of action for peaceful and fear free life of the people they claim to represent. There is a need to graduate from narrow party line thinking to broad based nationalistic thinking. In this region, too, there is dearth of iconic leaders like yesteryears who could LEAD but we have enough of these who can DEAL. The word Politician should be respelt Politi-Scion as they are adept at fragmenting the society for own gains.
There is a lack of connect between constitutionally elected representatives, enforcement machinery and the represented. Deficiency of mutual trust will never let enliven this connection. Can there be connect between the leaders and the led when there is disconnect in words, deeds and actions (WDA) of leaders? The need of the hour is iconic leaders like Gopinath Bordoloi who synergized WDA and enjoyed loyalty and support of masses. NN Vohra committee gave a detailed account of Symbiotic relationship between politicians, UG outfits and criminals etc. But this report was not made public. This symbiotic relationship has been well established and well reported in this region. With this approach, Can these dealers deal with the situation?
Every one knows the reason for the birth of anti foreigner movement and turmoil in Assam that led to birth of United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA). The outfit is known to have foreign links and operate at the behest of foreign agencies like ISI, HuJI etc. Ramification of illegal influx on demography and security of the region is not receiving political response it deserves. Though CM of Assam, Tarun Gogoi is saying, “There is no foreigner on the land of Assam”. But people and judiciary are proving him wrong. Gogoi is contradicting his own statement by saying, “remarks of Justice BK Sarmah( Bangladeshis staying illegally in the state have become king makers) are provocative and might encourage people to engage in unlawful activities against infiltrators in Assam”. Similarly Hiteshwar Saikia had to swallow his own words when he said;” there are about 30 lakhs Bangladeshi infiltrators in Assam”. Such situations are a fertile ground for Anti National Elements (ANEs) to make hay.
Once again there is a mass up rise in Assam against illegal migrants. Even the political vote bank (Muslims) is turning against the Government on the influx issue. Muslim Yuba Parishad of Assam has also lent their voice to this movement (sentinel 11 Aug 08). Can these leaders address the real issues? But they are very successful in diverting the public attention on non issues e.g. centre is being approached, new force is being raised, money has been asked for raising a new force etc. Clear aim is to keep the masses under dark because lie gets halfway around the world before truth has chance to get its knickers on. Strongest possible words (in dictionary), not backed by action, are used after any violent incident.
A few words for the legislated. There is need to make the law enforcing machinery more masculine and not emasculate that machine. There is need to develop reliable and secure intelligence net work backed by political WILL. Sharing the moorings with ANEs, state Police can very well develop a successful intelligence net work. But electronic media has to avoid playing spoilsport for TRP ratings. Every citizens (more so the youth) can play role of law enforcer by timely and positive reporting. Youth jail (run by positive thinking youth) in Phek district of Nagaland (Eastern Mirror datelined 02 Aug08) has resulted in bringing down the crime rate. There are number of cases where public has taken law in their own hands and punished the miscreants in the region.
Terror has resulted in bringing down the business and thus growth and prosperity of the region. Dimapur, a business hub in Nagaland, has seen decline of 30 to 40 % in business due to criminalization and terrorist activities (Eastern Mirror datelined 04 Aug 08). Similar is the case with other parts of the region. Interested investors desist investing here due to apprehensions of insecurity. The energies, people spend on Bandhs Strikes etc can be channelised in making this region terror free a possibility. There is a need to establish the WILL at legislator and legislated level because difference between the impossible and possible is man’s determination.


Geoffery
(Readers can reach out to the author via email:jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in
OR post comments on Blog: jaey-geoffery.blospot.com)

FUTURE BEING GAGGED

FUTURE BEING GAGGED
When a child is born it brings with it the hope that God is not yet annoyed with the man. It is often said that Child is the father of man, Child is the future planner, Child is the future leader of the society etc. Childhood is a state of freedom and playful life full of dreams (present & future). What can be expected form a child who has been exposed to the threat of AK rifles, 9mm Pistol, land mines etc.? Will such a child grow up as a free thinking citizen or a citizen with lack of free thought? Can the future of child or society be bright, where children have been forced to take up arms against threat to their lives? It is obvious that they will be killed/ maimed due to activities of other rebels or killed/apprehended by security forces. Will this result in a progressive or a gloomy society?
Internationally, recruitment and use of child soldiers is abhorred. Still there are 17 countries where child soldiers are being used mostly by rebel groups. There is an International convention on the child rights and protocol against recruitment and use child soldiers (i.e. below 18 years) which is applicable both to signatory states and rebel groups. States do adhere to the protocol but rebel groups because it suits them. Children are economic soldiers due to lesser personal needs, lesser needs
and lesser effort required to mould them due to physical and emotional immaturity.
North East (NE) region of our nation has been inflicted with insurgency (now terrorism) since India became independent of British yoke. Innumerable numbers of youth (who could be great teachers, great planners, great leaders and great reformers) have lost their lives till date. Still there seems to be no end to this fate. Abductions and kidnapping of children (both sexes) are increasing in the region. Some of these children are recycled in the terrorism affected states (Manipur, Nagaland and Assam) as child soldiers and balance trafficked to distant lands. Children who are recycled are forced to join UG outfits at gun point. Recent case of abductions in Manipur is a live example. United Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) has changed its strategy to recruit more from rural areas than urban because it found difficult to handle city lads. Number of missing children in Nagaland is also on the rise (Morung Express date lined 01 Aug 08).
In Manipur children had raised their voice against UG activities when teachers and schools were being targetted in the recent past. They demanded to make education a terror free zone,
letting them have freedom of study and natural childhood etc. Now the children are being targeted that has larger impliplications on social system. Effort is to rout out the seeds of progress in society. Probably the fear (of educated and enlightened minds that would not fall prey to misguidance) in the minds of UGs has forced them to resort to uncalled for acts against children. Although both factions of PREPAK (People’s Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak) have denied the charge and claimed it was voluntary enrolment by young children. Recently kidnapped children were also paraded in front of the media to say that they came on their own choice (The Sangai Express date lined 20 Jul 08). Threat of life can force any child (even adults) speak the captor’s language. Some of the children have displayed courage to run away.
The innocent children are being used as cannon fodder on front lines to face opposing rebel groups, as couriers to carry explosives and plant bombs etc. Cruel leaders of these groups are unconcerned about safety of innocents. Two small boys were blown up in Tezpur while carrying explosives for ULFA. Besides ULFA is known to use these children for planting bombs for as little as Rs. 100/-. Besides acting as cadres, girls are being used for personal comforts or being married to rebel leaders. Some of the children are so small that length of the weapons is equal to their own height. One of the Burmese child soldier said, “My Gun is tall as me”. Some of the children are drugged to result in state of inculcate false bravado in them. One of the child soldiers of Ugandan army says, “they gave me pills that made me crazy’. When the craziness got in my head, I beat people on their heads and hurt them until they bled. When the craziness got out of my head I felt guilty. If I remembered the person I went to them and apologized. If they did not accept my apology, I felt bad”.
Some of the reactions will bring out implications for children, parents and society as a whole. Bipin Chandra (17) a class XII student stopped going to school after an attempted kidnap on him. One of the parents said,” we will not send our children to school till government ensures protection to them” ( Telegraph datelined 20 Jul 08). In one of the rallies in hill districts of Manipur rallyists said, “We heard of the money demands in the past and now we heard of demands for children from school. If this be the case we need to save our future” (Imphal Free Press datelined 01 Aug 08). These reactions reveal avoidable stress of uncertain future on every mind. Making the situation more compound two mothers of abducted kids were also detained by PREPAK (The Sangai Express dateline 22 Jul 08). Now the children of other regions also seem to have joined to request for peaceful life. One of placards carried by a child in Patna read,” Terrorist Uncle! We request you to stop shedding Innocent Blood”.
Not withstanding the other social reasons of some of the youth voluntarily joining cadres of the outfits. There is need for Hung Ho approach lest darkness awaits the innocent society of this region. There is a need to shun Politico–UG nexus, Politico-Criminal nexus in favour of Politico- people nexus. Women organizations like Meira Paibis, Assom Mahila Samitis and Naga Mothers Association need to fight this scourge whole heartedly. When they could stand up against the might of British and come out victorious they will definitely win against their own misguided kins.
Every leader and every regime and every moment and every civilization that steps across the line to terrorism must be banished from the disclosure of civilized life.
‘Alan Keyes’


Geoffery
(readers can reach out to the writer
via email: jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in or post views on jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com

LOOK EAST POSITIVELY

LOOK EAST POSITIVELY (LEP)

India embarked on the economic liberalization in nineties and today the country, with second highest growth rate, is envy of the world. India has proved that a developing country can be a major player in the regional economy and an equal partner in the globalized world. At the same time India also conceptualized the Look East Policy (LeP) with an aim to strengthen the age old civilisational linkages with our neighbours. These linkages are a strong basis of economic associations which is order of the day. India is a multicultural society with a broader outlook unlike mono cultural societies in the neighborhood. Therefore, Indian citizens irrespective of the religion can be leaders to other societies for a globalized community. But for this there is a need to fashion conditions that India meets the economic interests of the West agreeable to India. Developed countries have already started looking into their foreign policies for better economic ties with India. At the same time India needs a dedicated and committed look towards its strategic North East Region (NeR) for LeP to bring results.
LeP is ASEAN centric and its first Phase was launched in 1995. Now it is in Phase II with expanded definition of east to include from Australia to China and East Asia. India had entered into Mekong Ganga cooperation with five South East Asian nations (Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia and Thailand) and other pillar of LeP is BIMSTEC (littoral states of Bay of Bengal Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmasr, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand). Strategically there is a need to diminish the Chinese influence in this region. In fact both India and China are considered two wings of ASEAN Jumbo Jet. Most of the countries are willing to have economic association with China due to its cheaper products that no country can match. India’s trade with China, other Asian countries and European Union has grown many folds. The largeness of this region can be gauzed from the fact that the proposed PAFTA (Pan ASEAN Free Trade Area) has gross income more than NAFTA (North America Free Trade Area) and European Union.
India’s Prowess as a future leader has already been predicted by a British historian EP Thompson who wrote, “India is perhaps the most important country for future of the world”. All the convergent influences of the world run through this society. There is not a single thought that is being thought in the West or East that is not active in some Indian mind”. This prophecy is true for the whole nation including unexplored NeR. This region has very high untapped human resource that is simple and innocently industrious which can be shaped to meet the new needs. There are large numbers of NRIs from this region who have carved a niche for themselves in international arena. With limited facilities some of sports persons of international fame, from this region, cannot be ignored.
Even in physical resources this region is richer and plans have been made to explore these but due to some or the other reason these are not seeing light of the day. Completion of rail link to Agartala after Dharmnagar is a silver lining in the region. There are plans to harness Hydro Electric Power (HeP) potential (50000MW) of this region and transmit this to power deficient regions of the country through power grid lines. Out of this huge potential, only 7% has been exploited till date. Surface, Air and Water communications are being improved. Major highways, NH 39 & NH 53 have been ordered to be four laned. Rail links are being improved- New Azra to Byrnihat (to connect Meghalaya to New Delhi), Dimapur to Kohima, Jiribam to Imphal, Kumarghat to Agartala, Trans Asian Railway to connect 28 nations to include China, Thailand, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Iran and Turkey is planned. This will enter India at Moreh in Manipur. Air connectivity is planned to be improved in terms of improving existing air fields, creating new air fields, increasing the number of flights and paving way for new airlines to enter the market. The coming year 2009 may see launch of new north east airlines if reports are to gone by.
Mizoram can become a trade hub when trade starts through Sittwe Port in Myanmar which is to be linked through 160 km of Waterway (through Kaladan River) and 65 km of road link. Besides above there are other upbeat indicators. Four land custom Stations i.e. Moreh in Manipur, Dawki in Meghalaya, Sutrakandi in Assam and Agartala in Tripura have been planned. It is also being proposed to convert Nathula into a Land Custom Station. China has already planned to connect Nathula with Lhasa through a rail link in next three years. This will help boost Sino Indian trade.
This region of our country is floating on oil and other sources of energy like natural gas and coal that need to be explored. Meghalaya has huge deposits of Uranium to meet our nuclear energy needs. Not to mention the money spinner tourist attractions of the region. These are only a few of the areas but there are many that can be added either by innovating on existing resources or exploring the new ones.
It is not only the material resource that can be outsourced from our country but spiritual resource as well. One of the topmost historians Arnold Toyabee, remarked, “It is already becoming clear that a chapter which had a western beginning will have an Indian ending…. …Here we have the attitude and spirit that can make it possible for the human race to grow together into a single family…”
First step to identify potential of this region was formation of toothless North East Council in 1972. There after silver linings started becoming visible after the formation of DONeR by NDA government and up gradation of the same to a full fledged ministry by UPA government. But the region still lacks what it deserves to make strategic contribution to itself and the nation as a whole. There is a need to make a paradigm shift from intentions of rhetoric to attended actions.
There is a need to fire the ceasefire agreements with various outfits to make them lively and effective. There is a need to inculcate end to end commitment and accountability of resources and efforts towards various projects. There is a need to synergize the local thought towards explorationfor benefit of the people of this region. There is need for unified Gung Ho approach for vital leap of this region. Wish NeR receives the attention it deserves.
Geoffery
(Readers can reach out to the author via email:jaey_geoffery@yahoo.co.in
OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com

ARM TO DISARM

ARM TO DISARM


The decision of Manipur Govt acceding to the demand of arming locals of Heirok & Lilong Chaging (District Thoubal) after indiscriminate killings of innocents during Yaoshang ( Holi) festival ( 24 Mar 08) is welcomed by some and opposed by some. Each party has its own justification. The outcome of physical arming of people is yet to be seen. There had been number of security forces with different names & aims but this region (NE India) is still seeing no end to violence. This is where the problem lies. The number & type of security forces may be increased and they may operate for a number of years. But in the end solution lies in the change of mindset of the people and that is the job not for SFs or guns but social activists, media and leaders. Is arming a right step or will this lead to something like Salwa Judum in Chattisgarh?
Logic of the people demanding arms is: one; it will enhance physical courage of unarmed people, two; this may lead to bringing peace in the area, three; although three not three rifles are not as sophisticated as AK rifles of UGs but it will reinforce the WILL of the people to fight against negative forces. People who have lost their kins are ready to fight even with whatever as a vengeful attitude. Additional social benefit is constructive employment of some of the youth (as SPOs) temporarily now but can be made permanent later on if required. Opponents argue: one; arms may be misused, two; it may lead to kind of a civil war, three; more important is resentment by frontal organizations of the outfits against empowering people.
Village Defence Committees (VDCs) have been raised in J&K since 1989. Some of these members have been armed to be part of J & K volunteer force (JKVF) since 2003. Members of JKVF are being paid Rs 2500/- per month and members of VDCs are paid Rs 1500/- per month. Now it is not only the bastion of males but women are also part of the volunteer force. It may be argued that JKVF members are also targeted but overall it is a successful model. It has reversed the trend of migration due to fear of militants. Kudos for this go to commitment of volunteers, their training, monitoring, cohesion of this force with SF and Government WILL of empowering people against injustice. Some of the able bodied and keen young men out of these have been successfully recruited in J & K police force.
Another successful experiment in J&K is raising of Home and Hearth (H&H) battalions through constructive employment of ex UGs. Probably this is the reason that Tarun Gogoi, CM of Assam is mooting the idea of similar force (one thousand strong) out of eight thousand or so surrendered ULFA cadres. But the author is of the view that the recruitment for the said battalion should be a mix of ex UGs and regular youth without discrimination but merit based.

Other model is Salwa Judum in Chhatisgarh that has become controversial for reasons well known to the students of politics. In tribal Gondi dialect it means peace movement that started in June 2005 in district Bastar to tackle naxalism. It has backing of the state government. But, has it resulted in peace or in a fertile ground of deprivations to be exploited for vote banks? Supreme Court of India has expressed disapproval of constitution of this force. The apex court bench headed by Justice RG Balakrishna wondered, “How can the state give arms to some people. The state will be abetting in a crime if these people kill others”.

In one of the camps (Drona) people from 50 neighbouring villages are staying as part of voluntary militia in Chhatisgarh. Sawam Ayitu, 45, an activist says,” though we are free to move around, we still feel like we are in a prison. We can not go back because naxalites will kill us”. Social life has been very badly disrupted. Villagers are fearful of sending their children to school, taking up government jobs etc. People are not sure of when they would get back to their lands from these temporary camps. A seventeen old says,” Jab Tak ye yudh chalega tab tak yahi rehna hoga (we will have to camp here till the war lasts)”. Can a better future be expected of such a movement that has created more fears and insecurities than feeling of freedom?

Out of the two models discussed above J&K model has proved successful. The reasons are not very far to seek. These are; right selection, training for disciplined use of fire arms, monitoring the activities/ progress, guidance, commitment of locals and WILL of the state government for implementation unlike in Chhatisgarh. Manipur is choosing the J&K model that is why a team had been sent to study the model. But the template needs to be realistically tailored to local conditions that may not be truly the same.

There is a need to change the mindset from vertical (straight jacket) thinking to lateral (innovative, creative, generative) thinking with insight of the problem. Napoleon had said, “Mind is to physical as three is to one”. Number and type of forces are immaterial and physical arming is no solution without psychological arming with fortified WILL. The will of the people has been firmly displayed at number of occasions (in Assam and Nagaland) when unarmed public has chased out the armed cadres for the sake of peace in the area. Physical arming is one step short of arming with strong WILL to rout out the militancy. But like water it has to flow from top (leaders) down to the masses (led). Once armed with the ultimate weapon, the doors to explore the hidden potential of progress in this region will open.


“Minds are like parachutes. They only function when they are open.” Sir James Dewey



Geoffery
(Readers are can reach out to the author via email: jaey_geoffery
OR post views on blog: jaey-geoffery.blogspot.com)